河北唐山蜡染手艺人：“蓝白之间”蜡染技艺为兔年添彩******
(新春走基层)河北唐山蜡染手艺人：“蓝白之间”蜡染技艺为兔年添彩
中新网唐山1月18日电 (白云水 解立经 毕帅)1月18日，河北唐山丰南区蜡染手艺人甘彩云的工作室里，蜡染技艺爱好者们正一起创作兔年蜡染布偶，各式各样的蜡染作品摆满房间，为即将到来的春节增添浓浓喜庆氛围。
蜡染，是中国一项民间传统纺织印染手工艺，这项工艺从起稿线描、上蜡、浸染，到氧化、脱蜡、漂洗，再到后期的制作成品，需要十几道工序。
甘彩云向蜡染爱好者传授制作技巧。 毕帅 摄“蜡染工艺对温度的要求比较高，天太冷会影响布料上色的效果，所以天冷前就把需要的布料染出来了，现在主要是裁剪、缝制、填充、装饰。”甘彩云一边创作一边介绍，把福字、财神帽这些吉祥元素融入到灵动的生肖兔造型中，将传统元素与蜡染之美相融合，来传递兔年祥瑞纳福的美好愿景。
“融入日常生活才是真正的非遗传承，过年更少不了非遗。”2022年甘彩云被评为唐山市工艺美术大师、唐山市级蜡染技艺代表性传承人。她说，“古朴典雅是蜡染工艺的鲜明特征，这与其制作工艺是分不开的，它是以蜡刀蘸蜡液，绘画于布后以蓝靛浸染，在浸染过程中，蜡自然龟裂，形成自然‘冰纹’，呈现蓝底白花或白底蓝花的多种图案。”
甘彩云还把蜡染工艺融入到日常生活中的壁挂、抱枕、衣服、挂饰等多个品类。
为让蜡染技艺在北方得到更好的发展，甘彩云坚持创作的同时，通过直播平台对蜡染文化和制作工艺进行推广，并多次走进社区开展非遗培训和体验活动，让市民近距离感受这项传统技艺。
甘彩云在整理蜡染“兔”元素作品。 毕帅 摄如今，越来越多热爱传统文化的年轻人加入传承队伍，其24岁的女儿李萨就是其中一员。毕业于设计专业的李萨一直对传统工艺情有独钟，大学毕业后便跟随母亲学习蜡染。“穿越历史的传统工艺经过时间的沉淀更有味道和魅力，这也是我喜欢上蜡染的原因。每天静下心来学习蜡染，就像与古人对话，是心灵治愈的一个过程。”
最近，李萨还尝试把动漫元素融入到蜡染作品中，探索更多的可能性。李萨拿起一只灵动的兔子布偶：“这只兔子是我从卡通动漫中汲取的灵感，把年轻人喜欢的一些夸张元素与蜡染工艺结合，唤醒大家儿时美好记忆的同时，也能更贴近年轻人的喜好。”
“时代在变，传承不变。把传统工艺注入年轻化的元素也是一种新的传承。非遗需要更多的年轻人来接力。”甘彩云说。(完)
中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾****** 中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。  资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。 麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。 一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。 此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。 作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。 美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。 这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。 从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。 两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。  House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy". The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader. Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party. On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration. On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses. Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees. As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives. But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker. CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful. This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally. Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits. From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public. Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world. The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle. 
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